Theory of The Differential Diagnosis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Theory of The Differential Diagnosis - Assignment Example   The rationale for these diagnoses is that difficulty breathing with exertion explains cardiopulmonary or pulmonary disease. Moreover, pursed-lip breathing is a sign of airflow obstruction. Dyspnea on exertion worsens with the resulting sedentary state. This is present in patients with cardiopulmonary disease. In regard to this case study, the patient has a past medical history of COPD; thus, skeletal muscle atrophy is a common finding and has been related to low-level systemic inflammation and oxidative stress (Nelson, 2015). To further develop the differential diagnosis, a review of systems ought to be conducted. This entails questions that need to be addressed. Such questions include dental changes, occupational exposure to dust and chemicals, excessive salt intake, weight gain, increased cough, fever, and increasing sputum production (Markovchick, Pons, & Bakes, 2011). The final primary diagnosis is COPD. The symptoms include a cough, sputum production, and dyspnea on exertion (Osadnik, McDonald, Jones & Holland, 2012). In this particular case, the patient has a significant cigarette smoking history, thus, the worsening dyspnea. This is because the increase in dyspnea is linked with age (the patient is 70 years), deconditioning, weight gain and concomitant comorbid medical conditions. Further diagnostic workup includes obtaining a spirometry before and after bronchodilator; as the first step. This step will determine any airflow obstruction thus grant patients immediate therapy. Additionally, lung volume ought to be measured, so as to reveal hyperinflation (Buttaro, 2013). Also, thoracic imaging ought to be performed with an MRI, as well as pulse oximetry test and arterial blood gas measurements.

Macroeconomics Song Essay Example for Free

Macroeconomics Song Essay The poem’s major theme revolves around the unravelling of the US financial sector – and particularly its impact on investment banks in the wake of the recent global economic recession that affected the US and most of the world economies. Some of the macroeconomic concepts addressed – tacitly and explicitly – include: executive compensation, and the business cycle (Paxton, 1). The crisis is said to have primarily been triggered by the sub prime mortgage crisis. Traditionally, investment banks and other lending institutions have financed their customers’ borrowings from the deposits they collect from the members of the public. With the demand for credit finance to purchase essential items such as homes rising exponentially, the deposits became inadequate to finance the borrowing requirements and many of these financial institutions resorted to innovative financial products such as the securitization model or mortgage backed securities. Here, the financial institutions sell bonds. Those buying the bonds are guaranteed of getting their money back after a certain duration plus an attractive interest, and the money raised from floating these bond is advanced to the borrowers (in this case, prospective homeowners). The bondholders will be paid back their money whether the borrowers pay the bank back or default. Thus, it can be seen that the investment banks here shoulder substantial risks (Zeese, 1; Rasmus, 3; BBC, 1). The main problem was that these loans were made out to a segment of the market that is considered risky due to its low income and poor credit history. This segment has been referred to as the sub-prime mortgage segment. As long as the prices of homes continued to rise, this model of financing home purchases made sense because the borrowers could refinance their home purchases. However, and against all expectations, the real estate bubble that had been so prolonged in the country burst, and home prices began trending south at a dramatic rate. The import of all these is that the sub prime mortgage borrowers were unable to pay back what they had borrowed. They defaulted, leading to massive foreclosures (Zeese, 1; Rasmus, 3; BBC, 1). The loans that had been made out by the financial institutions were in the tune of billions of dollars. When these borrowers defaulted, the banks were left holding toxic assets, which they wrote down leading to massive losses. A number of them were pushed to the brink of bankruptcy. These include: Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, Goldman Sachs, AIG, Merrill Lynch, Bears Stearns and Lehman Brothers (Zeese, 1; Rasmus, 3; BBC, 1). It is this backdrop that provides the context for the poem. The poet parodies the false sense of security that these institutions had projected – for long, investment bankers such as Lehman Brothers had been viewed as beacons of stability in the American economy, doling out priceless advice to Americans on maters economic. But as the poet shows, the sub prime mortgage crisis unmasked them for who they are, left them at a loss of what to do, and they have turned out to be â€Å"the blind leading the blind†(Paxton, 1). One wonders how, with all their wisdom, the investment bankers could have hedged their risks upon such a risky market as the sub-prime mortgage segment. One of the immediate responses to the financial crisis was the rollout of a bailout package by the US government (whose worth was â€Å"seven hundred million grand,† in the words of the poet) (Paxton, 1). The failing institutions were major beneficiaries of this bailout package. According to Nanking (1), Bears Stearns was bought by JP Chase for $236 million, with the Federal Reserve Bank providing a staggering $30 billion to facilitate its purchase. Courtesy of the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008, the government is said to have put in some $400 billion in Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. The AIG on its part received at least four cash bailouts, all of them amounting to $180 billion in total (Nanking, 1). The poet strongly questions the ethics behind these bailout packages, given that the crisis that affected the investment banks was largely self-inflicted. For example, apart from poor judgment resulting in the sub-prime mortgage crisis, the problems which the banks faced were also catalyzed by poor management practices such as excessive executive pay. The problems facing the banks also broke out at a time the issue of executive pay was coming under the spotlight. For example, Linn (2) writes that in 1970, top executives were earning 44 times what subordinate workers got and that by 2007 this had jumped to 344 times what the subordinate employees got. More telling is the fact that the CEO’s of Lehman Brothers and Merrill Lynch, two of the failed investment bankers, received a total of over $117 million in spite of leading their organizations down the drain (Bass and Beamish, 1). Lloyd Blankfein, Goldman Sach’s top honcho, got $54 million, when the bank made a loss, with the 116 investment banks that had been short listed for aid under the bailout package having paid a cool $1.6 billion as bonuses to their CEO’s. AIG was mulling paying its CEO $165 million, when it had made a loss of over $60 billion (Bass and Beamish, 1). Given that these banks had been advanced cash under the bailout plan (which itself is from taxpayer funds), it is logical to assert that it is the average American (who earns 344 times less what the CEO gets) who is being made to pay for the mistakes of the CEO’s. It is this obscenity that the poem seems to rant about. Listen to the poet: â€Å"And it said that failure was the only crime. If you really screwed things up, then you were through; Now––surprise!––there is a different point of view. All that crazy rooty-tootin’ And that golden parachutin’ Means that someone’s making millions––just not you!† Works Cited: BBC. (2007). The downturn in facts and figures. 21 Nov 2007. 28 May 2010.   http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7302341.stm Bass, Frank and Beamish, Rita. (2008). AP Study Finds $1.6B Went To Bailed-Out Bank Execs. 22 Dec 2008. 29 May 2010.   http://corridornews.blogspot.com/2008/12/investment-bank-executives-pork-out-on.html Linn, Allison. (2009). â€Å"AIG flap gives ammunition to critics of high pay.† MSNBC. Mar 20th 2009. 29 May 2010. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/29791834/ Nankin, Jesse. (2009). History of U.S. govt bailouts. 1 Nov 2009. 29 May 2010. http://www.propublica.org/special/bailout-aftermaths#penncentral Paxton, Tom. I am changing my name to Fannie Mae. Rasmus, Jack. (2008). Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac: phase two of the financial crisis. Sep 2008. 28 May 2009. http://www.zcommunications.org/zmag/viewArticle/18717 Zeese, Kevin. (2008). The causes of the auto crisis. 25 Nov 2008. 28 May 2009. http://www.countercurrents.org/zeese251108.htm

Animals :: Environment, Natural Disasters, Extinction

We all studied the extinction of dinosaurs in middle school. We know that, two hundred fifty million years ago, more than 90% of the planet species became extinct. There have been five major mass extinctions during the life history of planet earth. Scientists now agree that we are experiencing a sixth major extinction. The big difference between the older events and now is, â€Å"unlike earlier extinctions, this one results from the work of a single species, Homo sapiens. We are relentlessly taking over the planet, laying it to waste and eliminating most of our fellow species† (Coyne 1). We should care about this man-made extinction for a lot of reasons, including the interconnectedness of life, our moral obligation to take care of our planet, and even economic factors. In the past, extinctions were caused by natural disasters, such as volcanic eruptions during the Permian period, and asteroid impact during the Cretaceous extinction. These major events caused global warming by increasing CO2 in the atmosphere, and shut down photosynthesis by blocking sunlight with a huge cloud of debris. Both of these catastrophes altered the Earth’s climate radically, which caused the extinctions (Campbell 521-522). The current extinction is not being caused by natural factors, but by us. â€Å"Rates of species extinction have increased rapidly since the early Holocene epoch, chiefly due to activities of humans; further acceleration of extinction rates began approximately 1600 AD, with the onset of accelerated human population growth and expanded scope of agriculture† (Hogan 1). We have caused this destruction by overfishing/hunting, destroying habitats, increasing global warming with fossil fuels and pollution, and a general disregard for the res t of the life on Earth (Coyne 1). For many years it was thought that humans had hunted the Wooly Mammoth to extinction. It has been found that â€Å"the wooly mammoth went extinct primarily because of habitat loss due to changes in temperature, while human hunting acted as the final straw† (â€Å"Climate Change and Human Hunting Combine To Drive The Woolly Mammoth Extinct† 1). Animals have been hunted for food, trophies, medicines, and souvenirs. Many of the endangered species are targets, such as the Chinese tiger, which has been hunted for medical use over the last 1000 years (Hogan 3). Overfishing has caused the populations of large fish to be only 10% of the levels found in 1950.

Madness and Insanity in Shakespeares Hamlet - The Necessary Madness of

The Necessary Madness of Hamlet      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, is a complex play, filled with layers of meaning. These are often revealed through the madness of the characters and the theme of madness throughout the play. Although Hamlet and Ophelia are the only characters thought to be so afflicted, the reactions of other characters to this madness mirrors their own preoccupations.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When one refers to madness in Hamlet, most would think of Hamlet's madness, or at least that that he was pretending to possess. Although Ophelia does go insane and ultimately commits suicide, the central lunacy of the play revolves around Hamlet himself. Hamlet's plan to act mad is completely unexplained. It is safe to assume that he is pretending to be mad so he can get away with saying and doing things that would not ordinarily be tolerated. Also, if people think that he was crazy, they would not pay any attention to him in his plot to kill Claudius and avenge his father's death. This plan backfires though, because his family and friends bend over backwards to find the cause of his madness.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Every main character in Hamlet seems to have their own conjectures as to why Hamlet is acting so out of character. One obvious reason is the mourning of his father's death. In addition to this, though, they all have personal ideas of varying merit. Claudius thinks that Hamlet has some kind of secret cause for the sudden change in his personality. Gertrude believes that along with being upset about the death of his father, Hamlet is tormented by the fact that she married Claudius. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern believe that he is hurt, for his ambitions have been squashed. Not only does his uncle... ...thers. Ophelia's insanity is very different from Hamlet's and quite straightforward. She does not need to ponder very hard before she decidessuicide is a much better option than life has ever been.      The madness in Hamlet sets up nearly all of the play. The main character, Hamlet, is believed to be crazy by all, except Horatio who knows Hamlet's reasoning behind the insanity. All of the characters decide on their own guesses as to what is plaguing Hamlet. This is interesting because all of their hypotheses are based on the things that most worried them.    Sources Pennington, Michael. "Madness as the Only Safe Haven." Readings on Hamlet. Ed. Don Nardo. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. of "Hamlet": A User's Guide. New York: Limelight Editions, 1996. Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. Norton Critical Ed. New York: Norton. 1992.   

Definitions of Environmental Science Legislation

a.The Air Act, 1981 B.The Water Act, 1974 degree Celsiuss.The Environment Protection act, 1986 vitamin D.The Wildlife Protection Act, 1971 vitamin E.Agenda-21 The Air Act, 1981 Definitions. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires, – ( a ) â€Å" air pollutant † means any solid, liquid or gaseous substance 2 [ ( including noise ) ] nowadays in the ambiance in such concentration as may be or be given to be deleterious to human existences or other life animals or workss or belongings or environment ; ( B ) â€Å" air pollution † means the presence in the ambiance of any air ( degree Celsius ) â€Å" approved contraptions † means any equipment or appliance used for the delivery of any combustible stuff or for bring forthing or devouring any smoke, gas of particulate affair and approved by the State Board for the intent of this Act ; ( vitamin D ) â€Å" approved fuel † means any fuel approved by the State Board for the intents of this Act ; ( vitamin E ) â€Å" car † means any vehicle powered either by internal burning engine or by any method of bring forthing power to drive such vehicle by firing fuel ; ( degree Fahrenheit ) â€Å" Board † means the Central Board or State Board ; ( g ) â€Å" Cardinal Board- means the 3 [ Central Board for the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution ] constituted under subdivision 3 of the Water ( Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Act, 1974 ; ( H ) â€Å" chimney † includes any construction with an gap or mercantile establishment from or through which any air pollutant may be emitted, ( I ) â€Å" control equipment † means any setup, device, equipment or system to command the quality and mode of emanation of any air pollutant and includes any device used for procuring the efficient operation of any industrial works ; ( J ) â€Å" emanation † means any solid or liquid or gaseous substance coming out of any chimney, canal or fluke or any other mercantile establishment ; ( K ) â€Å" industrial works † means any works used for any industrial or trade intents and breathing any air pollutant into the ambiance ; ( cubic decimeter ) â€Å" member † means a member of the Central Board or a State Board, as the instance may be, and includes the Chairman thereof, 4 [ ( m ) â€Å" occupier † , in relation to any mill or premises, means the individual who has control over the personal businesss of the mill or the premises, and includes, in relation to any substance, the individual in posse ssion of the substance ; ] ( N ) â€Å" prescribed † agencies prescribed by regulations made under this Act by the Cardinal Government or as the instance may be, the State authorities ; ( O ) â€Å" State Board † mleans, – ( I ) in relation to a State in which the Water ( Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Act, 1974, is in force and the State Government has constituted for that State a 5 [ State Board for the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution ] under subdivision 4 of that Act, the said State Board ; and ( two ) in relation to any other State, the State Board for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution constituted by the State Government under subdivision 5 of this Act. The Water Act, 1974 ( 1 ) This Act may be called the Water ( Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Act, 1974. ( 2 ) It applies in the first case to the whole of the States of Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Tripura and West Bengal and the Union Territories ; and it shall use to such other State which adopts this Act by declaration passed in that behalf under clause ( 1 ) of article 252 of the Constitution. ( 3 ) It shall come into force, at one time in the States of Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Tripura and West Bengal and in the Union districts, and in any other State which adopts this Act under clause ( 1 ) of article 252 of the Constitution on the day of the month of such acceptance and any mention in this Act to the beginning of this Act shall, in relation to any State or Union district, mean the day of the month on which this Act comes into force in such State or Union district. DEFINITIONS. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires, – ( a ) â€Å" Board † means the Central Board or a State Board ; ( B ) â€Å" Central Board † means the Central Pollution Control Board Constituted under subdivision 3 ; ( degree Celsius ) â€Å" member † means a member of a Board and includes the president thereof ; ( vitamin D ) â€Å" occupier † , in relation to any mill or premises, means the individual who has control over the personal businesss of the mill or the premises, and includes, in relation to any substance, the individual in ownership of the substance ; ( vitamin D ) â€Å" mercantile establishment † includes any conduit pipe or channel, unfastened or closed transporting sewerage or trade wastewater or any other retention agreement which causes or is likely to do, pollution ; ( vitamin E ) â€Å" pollution † agencies such taint of H2O or such change of the physical, chemical or biological belongingss of H2O or such discharge of any sewerage or trade wastewater or of any other liquid, gaseous or solid substance into H2O ( whether straight or indirectly ) as may, or is likely to, make a nuisance or render such H2O harmful or deleterious to public wellness or safety, or to domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural or other legitimate utilizations, or to the life and wellness of animate beings or workss or of aquatic beings ; ( degree Fahrenheit ) â€Å" prescribed † agencies prescribed by regulations made under this Act by the Cardinal Government or, as the instance may be, the State Government ; ( g ) â€Å" sewage wastewater † means flush from any sewage system or sewerage disposal plants and includes sullage from unfastened drains ; ( gg ) â€Å" sewer † means any conduit pipe or channel, unfastened or closed, transporting sewerage or trade wastewater ; ( H ) â€Å" State Board † means a State Pollution Control Board constituted under subdivision 4 ( I ) â€Å" State Government † in relation to a Union district means the Administrator thereof appointed under article 239 of the Constitution ; ( J ) † watercourse † includes- ( I ) river ; ( two ) H2O class ( whether fluxing or for the clip being dry ) ; ( three ) inland H2O ( whether natural or unreal ) ; ( four ) sub-terranean Waterss ; ( V ) sea or tidal Waterss to such extent or, as the instance may be, to such point as the State Government may, by presentment in the Official Gazette, specify in this behalf ; ( K ) â€Å" trade wastewater † includes any liquid, gaseous or solid substance which is discharged from any premises used for transporting on any [ Industry, operation or procedure, or intervention and disposal system ] , other than domestic sewerage. Definition In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires, — ( a ) â€Å" environment † includes H2O, air and land and the inter- relationship which exists among and between H2O, air and land, and human existences, other life animals, workss, microorganism and belongings ; ( B ) â€Å" environmental pollutant † means any solid, liquid or gaseous substance nowadays in such concentration as may be, or be given to be, deleterious to environment ; ( degree Celsius ) â€Å" environmental pollution † means the presence in the environment of any environmental pollutant ; ( vitamin D ) â€Å" managing † , in relation to any substance, means the industry, processing, intervention, bundle, storage, transit, usage, aggregation, devastation, transition, offering for sale, transportation or the similar of such substance ; ( vitamin E ) â€Å" risky substance † means any substance or readying which, by ground of its chemical or physico-chemical belongingss or handling, is apt to do injury to human existences, other life animals, works, microorganism, belongings or the environment ; ( degree Fahrenheit ) â€Å" occupier † , in relation to any mill or premises, means a individual who has, control over the personal businesss of the mill or the premises and includes in relation to any substance, the individual in ownership of the substance ; ( g ) â€Å" prescribed † agencies prescribed by regulations made under this Act. e Environment Protection act, 1986 Power OF Cardinal GOVERNMENT TO TAKE MEASURES TO PROTECT AND IMPROVE ENVIRONMENT ( 1 ) Subject to the commissariats of this Act, the Cardinal Government, shall hold the power to take all such steps as it deems necessary or expedient for the intent of protecting and bettering the quality of the environment and forestalling commanding and slaking environmental pollution. ( 2 ) In peculiar, and without bias to the generalization of the commissariats of sub-section ( 1 ) , such steps may include steps with regard to all or any of the undermentioned affairs, viz. : — ( I ) co-ordination of actions by the State Governments, officers and other governments — ( a ) under this Act, or the regulations made thereunder, or ( B ) under any other jurisprudence for the clip being in force which is relatable to the objects of this Act ; ( two ) planning and executing of a nation-wide programme for the bar, control and suspension of environmental pollution ; ( three ) puting down criterions for the quality of environment in its assorted facets ; ( four ) puting down criterions for emanation or discharge of environmental pollutants from assorted beginnings whatsoever: Provided that different criterions for emanation or discharge may be laid down under this clause from different beginnings holding respect to the quality or composing of the emanation or discharge of environmental pollutants from such beginnings ; ( V ) limitation of countries in which any industries, operations or procedures or category of industries, operations or procedures shall non be carried out or shall be carried out capable to certain precautions ; ( six ) puting down processs and precautions for the bar of accidents which may do environmental pollution and remedial steps for such accidents ; ( seven ) puting down processs and precautions for the handling of risky substances ; ( eight ) scrutiny of such fabrication procedures, stuffs and substances as are likely to do environmental pollution ; ( nine ) transporting out and patronizing probes and research associating to jobs of environmental pollution ; ( ten ) review of any premises, works, equipment, machinery, fabrication or other procedures, stuffs or substances and giving, by order, of such waies to such governments, officers or individuals as it may see necessary to take stairss for the bar, control and suspension of environmental pollution ; ( eleven ) constitution or acknowledgment of environmental research labs and institutes to transport out the maps entrusted to such environmental research labs and institutes under this Act ; ( twelve ) aggregation and airing of information in regard of affairs associating to environmental pollution ; ( thirteen ) readying of manuals, codifications or ushers associating to the bar, control and suspension of environmental pollution ; ( fourteen ) such other affairs as the Cardinal Government deems necessary or expedient for the intent of procuring the effectual execution of the commissariats of this Act. ( 3 ) The Cardinal Government may, if it considers it necessary or expedient so to make for the intent of this Act, by order, published in the Official Gazette, constitute an authorization or governments by such name or names as may be specified in the order for the intent of exerting and executing such of the powers and maps ( including the power to publish waies under subdivision 5 ) of the Cardinal Government under this Act and for taking steps with regard to such of the affairs referred to in sub-section ( 2 ) as may be mentioned in the order and topic to the supervising and control of the Cardinal Government and the commissariats of such order, such authorization or governments may exert and powers or execute the maps or take the steps so mentioned in the order as if such authorization or governments had been empowered by this Act to exert those powers or execute those maps or take such steps. APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS AND THEIR POWERS AND FUNCTIONS ( 1 ) Without bias to the commissariats of sub-section ( 3 ) of subdivision 3, the Cardinal Government may name officers with such appellation as it thinks tantrum for the intents of this Act and may intrust to them such of the powers and maps under this Act as it may hold tantrum. ( 2 ) The officers appointed under sub-section ( 1 ) shall be capable to the general control and way of the Cardinal Government or, if so directed by that Government, besides of the authorization or governments, if any, constituted under sub- subdivision ( 3 ) of subdivision 3 or of any other authorization or officer. Power TO GIVE DIRECTIONS Notwithstanding anything contained in any other jurisprudence but capable to the commissariats of this Act, the Cardinal Government may, in the exercising of its powers and public presentation of its maps under this Act, issue waies in composing to any individual, officer or any authorization and such individual, officer or authorization shall be bound to follow with such waies. Explanation — For the turning away of uncertainties, it is herewith declared that the power to publish waies under this subdivision includes the power to direct — ( a ) the closing, prohibition or ordinance of any industry, operation or procedure ; or ( B ) arrest or ordinance of the supply of electricity or H2O or any other service. Rules TO REGULATE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION ( 1 ) The Cardinal Government may, by presentment in the Official Gazette, make regulations in regard of all or any of the affairs referred to in subdivision ( 2 ) In peculiar, and without bias to the generalization of the predating power, such regulations may supply for all or any of the undermentioned affairs, viz. : — ( a ) the criterions of quality of air, H2O or dirt for assorted countries and intents ; ( B ) the maximal allowable bounds of concentration of assorted environmental pollutants ( including noise ) for different countries ; ( degree Celsius ) the processs and precautions for the handling of risky substances ; ( vitamin D ) the prohibition and limitations on the handling of risky substances in different countries ; ( vitamin E ) the prohibition and limitation on the location of industries and the transporting on procedure and operations in different countries ; ( degree Fahrenheit ) the processs and precautions for the bar of accidents which may do environmental pollution and for supplying for remedial steps for such accidents. The Wildlife Protection Act, 1971 The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 is an Indian statute law enacted by the Parliament of India for protection of workss and carnal species. Before 1972, India merely had five designated national Parkss. Among other reforms, the Act established agendas of protected works and carnal species ; runing or reaping these species was mostly outlawed. The Act provides for the protection of wild animate beings, birds and workss ; and for affairs connected therewith or accessory or incidental thereto. It extends to the whole of India, except the State of Jammu and Kashmir which has its ain wildlife act. It has six agendas which give changing grades of protection. Agenda I and portion II of Schedule II supply absolute protection – offenses under these are prescribed the highest punishments. Speciess listed in Schedule III and Schedule IV are besides protected, but the punishments are much lower. Schedule V includes the animate beings which may be hunted. The workss in Schedule VI are prohibited from cultivation and planting. The hunting to the Enforcement governments have the power to intensify offenses under this Schedule ( i.e. they impose mulcts on the wrongdoers ) . Up to April 2010 there have been 16 strong beliefs under this act associating to the decease of Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams. Definition * â€Å" carnal † includes amphibious vehicles, birds, mammals, and reptilians, and their immature, and besides includes, in the instances of birds and reptilians, their eggs. * â€Å" carnal article † means an article made from any confined or wild animate being, other than varmints, and includes an article or object in which the whole or any portion of such animate being has been used and an article made therefrom. * â€Å" hunting † includes ( a ) capturing, killing, poisoning, traping, or pin downing any wild animate being, and every effort to make so ( B ) driving any wild animate being for any of the intents specified in bomber clause ( degree Celsius ) injuring, destructing or taking any body portion of any such animate being, or in the instance of wild birds or reptilians, upseting or damaging the eggs or nests of such birds or reptilians. * â€Å" taxidermy † means the hardening, readying or saving of trophies. * â€Å" trophy † means the whole or any portion of any confined or wild animate being ( other than varmint ) which has been kept or preserved by any agencies, whether unreal or natural. This includes: ( a ) carpet, teguments, and specimens of such animate beings mounted in whole or in portion through a procedure of taxidermy ( B ) antler, horn, rhinoceros horn, feather, nail, tooth, musk, eggs, and nests. * â€Å" uncured trophy † means the whole or any portion of any confined animate being ( other than varmint ) which has non undergone a procedure of taxidermy. This includes a newly killed wild animate being, ambergris, musk and other carnal merchandises. * â€Å" varmint † means any wild animate being specified in Schedule V. * â€Å" wildlife † includes any animate being, bees, butterflies, crustacean, fish and moths ; and aquatic or land flora which forms portion of any home ground Agenda-21 Agenda 21 is a non-binding, voluntarily implemented action program of the United Nations with respect to sustainable development. [ 1 ] It is a merchandise of the UN Conference on Environment and Development ( UNCED ) held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992. It is an action docket for the UN, other many-sided organisations, and single authoritiess around the universe that can be executed at local, national, and planetary degrees. The â€Å" 21 † in Agenda 21 refers to the twenty-first Century. It has been affirmed and modified at subsequent UN conferences. Structure and contents Agenda 21 is a 300-page papers divided into 40 chapters that have been grouped into 4 subdivisions: * Section I: Social and Economic Dimensions is directed toward battling poorness, particularly in developing states, altering ingestion forms, advancing wellness, accomplishing a more sustainable population, and sustainable colony in determination devising. * Section II: Conservation and Management of Resources for Development Includes atmospheric protection, battling deforestation, protecting delicate environments, preservation of biological diverseness ( biodiversity ) , control of pollution and the direction of biotechnology, and radioactive wastes. * Section III: Strengthening the Role of Major Groups includes the functions of kids and young person, adult females, NGOs, local governments, concern and industry, and workers ; and beef uping the function of autochthonal peoples, their communities, and husbandmans. * Section IV: Meanss of Execution: execution includes scientific discipline, engineering transportation, instruction, international establishments and fiscal mechanisms.

Free Essays on The Weekend

Today’s American society is working more, only to have less leisure time. There seems to be an increasing trend to work an increasing amount of hours. People are not valuing there leisure time like they should. American families are evolving around what Juliet Schor calls, the work and spend cycle. This is an idea of working, not to save money, but only to spend it on material goods. Americans are mass consuming goods at an increasing rate. Many American households consume as much as three to four times as what a European family household might consume. I believe the United States may have a waste management problem that will not be able to be solved. With all this consumption of goods, I would like to think that Americans would put a higher degree of importance on their leisure time. This is not the case; American families seem to be enjoying the television a lot more than any other culture. Is watching television really a form of leisure? People all around the glo be work day after day waiting for that two day period of time which is called the weekend. This is when the real ideal of mass consumption takes place. From the ideals of Juliet Schor’s â€Å"The Overworked American† to Witold Rybczynski’s â€Å"Waiting for the Weekend† today’s families are working longer hours only to mass consume. The mass consumption of goods mostly takes place during a two-day increment, The Weekend. According to Schor (1992), â€Å"Americans report that they only have sixteen and a half hours of leisure a week, after the obligations of job and household are taken care of†(p.1). Americans really need to start putting a higher degree of importance on their leisure time. The rise of capitalism has made many Americans extremely greedy. American families are consuming so many material goods, if productivity doesn’t increase, prices will have to fall. The trend of buying goods only to keep up with a status quo (The Jones’) will kee... Free Essays on The Weekend Free Essays on The Weekend Today’s American society is working more, only to have less leisure time. There seems to be an increasing trend to work an increasing amount of hours. People are not valuing there leisure time like they should. American families are evolving around what Juliet Schor calls, the work and spend cycle. This is an idea of working, not to save money, but only to spend it on material goods. Americans are mass consuming goods at an increasing rate. Many American households consume as much as three to four times as what a European family household might consume. I believe the United States may have a waste management problem that will not be able to be solved. With all this consumption of goods, I would like to think that Americans would put a higher degree of importance on their leisure time. This is not the case; American families seem to be enjoying the television a lot more than any other culture. Is watching television really a form of leisure? People all around the glo be work day after day waiting for that two day period of time which is called the weekend. This is when the real ideal of mass consumption takes place. From the ideals of Juliet Schor’s â€Å"The Overworked American† to Witold Rybczynski’s â€Å"Waiting for the Weekend† today’s families are working longer hours only to mass consume. The mass consumption of goods mostly takes place during a two-day increment, The Weekend. According to Schor (1992), â€Å"Americans report that they only have sixteen and a half hours of leisure a week, after the obligations of job and household are taken care of†(p.1). Americans really need to start putting a higher degree of importance on their leisure time. The rise of capitalism has made many Americans extremely greedy. American families are consuming so many material goods, if productivity doesn’t increase, prices will have to fall. The trend of buying goods only to keep up with a status quo (The Jones’) will kee...

richard essays

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Cultural Diversity Presentation Essay Example

Cultural Diversity Presentation Essay Example Cultural Diversity Presentation Essay Cultural Diversity Presentation Essay This presentation that I will be exposing is to show the schools. parents and teachers the importance of English linguistic communication scholars and to promote all parents to acquire involved and be portion of the school civilization activities. The engagement is of import in helping pupils in the schools. Besides these classs and associations to include households. parents are to value the support and raise the degree of their engagement. whereas pupils progress their achievement. manner of thought. and manners. Sing as parent taking portion is so important. the presentation symbolizes a manner to assistance parents and to go more effectual member in their children’s schooling. every bit good as keeping their educational achievement. and back up them to take the most thorough educational plans offered by their schools they go to. The three activities in which I will be exposing is based on the belief that existent parental engagement schooling must show households utile counsel to poise their kid’s acquisition. Throughout these presentations. households will detect the picks and gaps gettable to pupils from all societal factors and cultural groups and realistic attacks to carry and promote their childs as they take on the ambitious school categories in simple. middle or public high school. Goals: The major purposes of the parent’s engagement and preparation are to: 1. Better teachers’ apprehension of thoughts to better intersect cultural interaction with households ; 2. Better family’s understanding on the advantages of parental engagement in their kid’s instruction. 3. Present household with informations about cultural diverseness and the critical importance of their kid’s engagement in such plan as this ; 4. Make available to households certain thoughts to help their childs to subscribe up in cultural plans. Diversity and Cultural Contact Communication: Discovering and understanding more about each other and our pupils as associates of an sole cultural and verbal population is an indispensable thought of raising the value of interaction among pedagogues. schoolmates. parents. and schools. Families who are non customary with the United States informative academic process are confronted with excess differences in their specific school engagement. For illustration. households who were raised in different states might move in a manner steady with the agencies they were proposed to carry on in the lands where they were raised. In assorted nations/ethnicity. households are non likely to take part in the school acquisition activities other than assist with research and travel to irregular jubilations. The American school method believes that households will take some answerability for their kid’s accomplishment in proper acquisition by suiting energetically drawn in with the school and helping their childs. The chance is that households will be occupied non merely with the duty of prep but besides with peculiar assignments and other linked involvement. In several states the undertaking of the households and the undertaking of the school are harshly lineation and separated. Close comparative have an of import duty to engraft mode and right behavior in their childs. It is the school’s undertaking to engraft educational apprehension. Teachers may be alleged as possessing non merely the answerability but besides including the right to do all informative picks about their scholars. In adding together. legion linguistically and settler households are non alert of their human rights and the dissimilar map that they can hold in their ain school constructions. Once the parents of migratory young persons have no comprehension of the learning process. they might feel that they are go forthing behind their childs to the large. unfamiliar planet that their childs now fit in to. other than households do non. They might turn out to be puzzled. alarmed. and annoyed. These statements can bring forth a significance of anguish and emphasis. Schools can help parents in the class of switching into the United States typical ethnicity by doing them sense that they are wanted and worthy. While parents comprehend how they can keep their kid’s schooling and one time schools discover the agencies to talk to and incorporate these parents’ cultural offerings. every individual additions. Activity 1 The engagements of households Aim Activity one: Recommend households with information about the encouraging influence of parental engagement. Estimated clip involves: One hr and a half Supplies: Indicator Marker and White board Topic Number 1: When households get concerned in their kid’s schooling. Your best class of action: Warm-up Activity figure one ( 15 proceedingss ) : Previous to opening the activity make clear the specific evidences of this assemblage. Then have every individual close comparative nowadays him or herself and talk for a minute about his or her point of positions of the value of learning in their kids’ lives. Transport a Full Group Activity: Give a ( 15 minute ) . For a small clip explicating the critical phases of household engagement and the manner in which they can encouragingly act upon their kid’s schooling. Group Activity figure one ( 30 proceedingss ) : Include close relations to play a function in the following undertaking. Divide the close relations into small groups of four. Request the households to see the manner in which they can assist their kids to execute better in school. Carry them to give illustrations of thoughts they soon use to assist their childs. Include the group to take a public functionary and a host. Include every individual group to name their ain single thoughts on the white board. Make certain that the households believe and feel happy with these maps. But if required. you or a school interpreter may necessitate to help them to proofread and offer their schemes. Group Activity figure two ( 30 proceedingss ) : To track the action. inquiring households to travel in return to their old function and put their thoughts in conditions of their utility. Which of these thoughts has been by and large most winning? Include the group to paraphrase the thoughts in category society. When this activity is finished. include dissimilar groups to divide their thoughts. It is indispensable to let the households to show their ain single classs. There are no right or wrong replies. If households talk in dissimilar linguistic communications. effort to hold households who converse the indistinguishable linguistic communication in the fiting group to allow them to speak in their natural linguistic communication if they desire. Besides adding on. it is critical to hold transcribers to help affiliates of the group converse with one another if assorted affiliates of the group are non English skilled. Activity 2 Make a Change in your Kid’s Life! Aim Activity two: To give accent on the strength that parental might hold in their kid’s educational lives when they get included. Estimated clip involves: One hr and a half Supplies: Indicator Marker and White board Your best class of action: Transport a Full Group Activity: Give a ( 15 minute ) . To declaim it out loud or you might hold one of the close relations read it to the group. Group Activity figure one ( 30 proceedingss ) : Make it possible to ease a conversation between households. Offer and aid to ease conversation on the enquiry: like holding you encountered similar related fortunes? What would you make or state? What was the response of your act? Write down family’s replies on the white board. Group Activity figure two ( 30 proceedingss ) : Split the group into small Bunches. Request every individual group to speak about the undermentioned enquiry: ( A ) what type of input or agencies of the school should you necessitate to turn into a good protagonist for your child? Have the group write down their schemes on a individual sheet of paper. Then portion those ideas with the whole group. Measuring the replies to the enquiries – ( 15 proceedingss ) Closing the remarks – ( 15 proceedingss ) The teacher will momently sketch the thoughts and the informations presented to him or her from the groups and carry the households to utilize the offerings and thoughts to do certain that their aid to their childs will be successful. Activity 3 Encouraging Your Kid’s School Accomplishment Aim Activity three: The purpose of Activity three is to offer households true purposes and actions that will let them to back up their childs to get down puting up for university at a immature age. Estimated clip involves: One hr Supplies: Indicator Marker and White board Your best class of action: Transport a Full Group Activity: Give a ( 30 minute ) . To explicate the importance and demands of a university and the hard activities they may meet. How to derive college credits in the period clip there are in high school. What type of categories will help them to be successful at a university and complete a grade? What counsel counsellor they should talk to about workshops. fiscal assistance papers for pupils. Educators need to besides explicate to the parents about the sum clip and work that their childs have to make and how they are being graded. Introductory Activity: Give a ( 30 minute ) . Welcoming an ex-former successful pupil to a meeting schoolroom to portion his or her advancement experiences in the university with present pupils which are besides helpful. Using families’ supportive and aid is besides really critical to students’ achievement. Together the parents and pupils ought to analyze about the significance of get ready for a university while in high school and the necessity of a college larning to carry through a profitable calling. Decision: Educators need to show households with necessary educational stuff on manus to back up working school meetings and high educational chances. We need to increase parent engagement and outlooks that manner they can truly and openly act upon the advancement of a stressed pupil. These categories are offered to parents as an of import offering tool which is at their entree. Educators need to provide the information. direction guidelines and at place tactics. Families besides need to work with their childs at place at a suited clip. If reciprocally households and pedagogues play their undertaking in this association. they can develop a good relationship where the kid obtains the additions. This activity. which provides a cultural diverse plan which can be utilized as a method of interaction between households and pedagogue. The presentation provided every bit good the information and methods to households to let them to go more concerned in their kid’s schooling. The presentation will find the alterations in households managing and penetration of the activity set up on survey and treatment. Mention: Syrja. R. C. ( 2011 ) . How to make and learn English Language Learners: Practical Schemes to guarantee success. San Francisco. Calcium: Jossey-Bass. Increasing Student Accomplishment by Increasing parent Engagement By Dr. Cynthia fusilier Director of Curriculum New Brighton country School District hypertext transfer protocol: //www. slideshare. net/NBASD/parent-involvement-presentation Graves. S. L. ( 2007 ) . Influences on preservice teachers’ beliefs about household engagement and cultural diverseness: An geographic expedition of mentoring relationships. ( Order No. 3393768. The Pennsylvania State University ) . ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. . 233-n/a. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //search. proquest. com/docview/304840371? accountid=32521. ( 304840371 ) . Sturz. D. L. . A ; Kleiner. B. H. ( 2005 ) . Effective direction of cultural diverseness in a schoolroom scene. Equal Opportunities International. 24 ( 5 ) . 57-64. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //search. proquest. com/docview/199537956? accountid=32521

Types of Military Institutions in the U.S Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Types of Military Institutions in the U.S - Essay Example I also knew that we would be sneaking around Howard if we wanted to get rid of anything or he would likely have a coronary then and there. I suppose Marley and Howard were my best friends, met when my husband and I bought the property across the street though we never really became close until Tom moved out. Marley oldest daughter had passed away before I moved in though theirs a son in Pennsylvania who comes a few times a year when his health is good. Marley and Howard both will tell you that their life has been blessed as they’ve known and lived a beautiful life, though it was difficult for some time when Ariel passed on. Marley will wake up some mornings and say soon, little Ariel, soon enough. This morning Howards going to mow the grass as he still calls it though everyone in the neighborhood knows he’s in the swing under the pecan tree and Mat from across the street cuts, glad to get 20 bucks and not a bit bashful about not telling Ms. Marley about it. Just as well since for 5 or 6 years Marley has never mentioned it, instead muttering under her breath that shouldn’t be out cutting the grass at this age, to which he always replies you take care women’s work, let me take care of the men’s work. And that would end the argument, Marley only half arguing anyways to see what Howard would say and it may be just as likely that Howard does the same thing, figuring Marley’s’ seen him in the shade under the pecan tree by now with Mat mowing the yard. It’s gone on for years that way, no harm done. Finally when Howard was outside the house puttering with the yard we could get down to business. Black bags for those we wanted to donate, small boxes for those we wanted to have a appraised, white bags for those the ladies at the church might read, and a laundry basket for magazines that we might want to keep for crafts and we were ready start. Marley started pulling them off the lower shelf’s while I, being ta ller, started up top. We’d wait until we had a nice size stack before going through them. When we had bit to work with we sat down and started plundering. I was thrilled to find over 30 Little Golden Books for children in perfect condition! Marley, you can’t toss these out! Oh No, the church nursery will find a great use for them and I know they will be well appreciated, besides no more babies expected, ya know. I was somewhat hard hearted because I knew they must at one time been read to her children. Might I keep one Marley? She looked surprised and said well yes of course you can your welcome to anything here. I thought you might, don’t let me start crying. We placed all but one in the church bag. Then was Poor Richards Almanac of 1898! What about the church? Surely not worth appraising and they’d love to show it off. I agree and off it went. Next we came to a small set of four signed Frederick Douglas books from 1934; these were very exciting and boxe d them right up to be appraised. Still more common book, bought recently, Stephen King, Danielle Steele, Opera’

Exercise in Women with Heart Failure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Exercise in Women with Heart Failure - Essay Example A study mentioned by Oka, Demarco & Haskell in 1999 mentioned a study which examined the relationship between observed physical condition, fitness and the levels of activity in 32 men and 8 women. It was observed that higher oxygen uptake occurred with increased self efficacy for stair climbing and increased participation in recreational activity. In the aerobic and resistance acquiring program that was based at home no physical gains were reported in peak oxygen consumption even after the study of 3 months period. But the same studies did not concentrate a maximum on women with HF. Design: The study used a controlled two group experimental method with randomization. Measures were recorded during a 2 week period before the randomization of group Investigators visited homes of the women during randomization. At the end of 12 week period T2 measures were recorded. 32 women participants were made to enter into the study. Half of them were selected in random for combined walking along with education program. The remaining half were selected in random for educatin program only. ... The adherence to the guidelines is 85 percent in first group and 83 percent in the second group. The depression levels were also measured and observed that 40 percent of the women in both the groups observed depression. The main outcome is that the women participated in the walking programs were capable to increase their self efficacy. Those who adhered to the walking guidelines even walked for farther distances in six minute walk test after improved quality of life. But the women with debilitating physical condition did not get that QOL by adhering to walking test guide lines. In another analysis of 52 people who are training trials with a 12 week period demonstrated increase in HDL -C levels. Exercise trial regarding health, risk factors, exercise training and Hereditary study were conducted more carefully. This study even addressed the effect of exercise in persons with lipid problems. 2674 participants with 44 randomized trials were studied and the effect of exercise on resting blood pressure was studied. 1.8mm HG reduction of diastolic blood pressure was observed against 2.4mm Hg reduction which indicates that the exercise will enhance self efficacy. It was observed that the intensity of training, the amount of blood pressure reduction have no relationship between them. This suggests that the dose response curve will be flat if it is plotted between exercise timing for corresponding blood pressure. References: The references were given in the following format Name of the author, year of publication, title, publisher or sponsor, edition information, type of media, date retrieved, website address. In the above mentioned details except website address the other details were given on availability. 1. Author not mentioned, 2006,

Green Chemistry Principles in 2020 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Green Chemistry Principles in 2020 - Essay Example The progress of human civilization, especially in the post Industrial Revolution era, witnessed a dynamic shift of the human race from agriculturalist approach to urbanization for the purpose of Industrial expansion. In order to secure increasing amount of place for establishing industries, more torture over environment commenced - starting from random deforestation to use of natural fuel resources in the industrial sectors, capable of emitting harmful gases and biohazards and created negative impact on the global environmental balance. During the Post World War II period, while capitalism and industrial domination became major resources for the powerful nations across the globe for their respective prosperity, the situation of environmental crisis took even more critical turn due to abundant use of nuclear elements for creating electricity (Krech, McNeill, and Merchant, 2004). In addition to this situation, most of the ruling nations of the world, in their quest to show their respec tive supremacy over one another, started experimental blasting of nuclear bombs and missiles, which amounted to massive destruction of natural resources, leading to one of the greatest threats against progress of the modern civilization, global warming. Once the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union was over during the 80s and the world revived from the impending threat of witnessing a nuclear war, consequently, humanistic part of the scientific activism also witnessed that human arbitrariness over experimenting with nature has extended to such an extent that immediate measures, if are not adopted, then there is always a great risk that the entire human race will be exterminated due to negative effects of natural imbalance (Buell, 2003). Thus, since the later part of the 80s â€Å"several environmentally conscious terms entered the chemical arena, e.g. clean chemistry, environmental chemistry, green chemistry, benign chemistry and sustainable chemistry† (Lin thorst, 2009). However, compared to other variations of environmental conscious terms in the field of chemistry, â€Å"green chemistry† received a great deal of appreciation and has become more familiar among students and aspiring scientists and one of the main reasons behind such wide acceptance of the term can be interpreted in the way that it explained the purpose of science and scientific experimentations by encompassing the ideology of environment friendly scientific approach, consequently, receiving wide range of support among various scientists and scientific associations (Linthorst, 2009). Adequate scholarly proposals have also been made to include green chemistry as a part of school curriculum. This paper will examine green chemistry principles in light of the sustainability issues of 2020. It will try to find out what kinds of changes are required to meet the sustainability challenges of 2020. it is first necessary to talk about the environmental issues and threat o f 2020. Then, it will move on discussing the green chemistry principles in light of sustainability issues of 2020. Environmental issues and threats of 2020: As human race is proceeding forward, there are many thing making up the trail to our destruction as the tropical forest turning to deserts, dry wastelands and choking cities, untimely weathers and oceans heaving with oil and other non-degradable

Environmental Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Environmental Science - Essay Example The pollution of the environment is caused by residential, commercial, and industrial wastes. These include Carbon dioxide (COÂ ­2)), Carbon monoxide (CO), Nitrogen, and Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s) (ENERGY.GOV, 2014). The release of such compounds into the environment leads to environmental degradation. Therefore, it is prudent for human beings to take necessary steps in preventing any further damage to the environment and mitigate on the damages that have already occurred. This responsibility is a concern of the international community, respective governments, and every individual. The individuals can work hard to care for the environment by participating in environmental conservation measures. It is important for individuals to take care of the environment because it is where they live. Polluted air means that there would be an increase in respiratory diseases. Furthermore, polluted soil, full of chemicals and fertilizers, will result into crops with high levels of toxic su bstances and pollute the water bodies when these fertilizers are washed into streams and rivers. This paper explores three goals and action plans, which an individual can use to become more aware of environmental issues and human impact on the environment. The production of electricity often involves a lot of emission of gasses, which cause considerable damage to the environment. Therefore, an individual should bear this in mind when operating electrical appliances. This can involve a slight change in their habits or using more energy efficient appliances. For example, change of habits include: Using cold water to wash laundry and hanging them out to dry instead of using the dryer. This habit will ensure that when doing laundry, less electric energy is consumed, and the one utilizes the abundant natural energy of the sun to dry the clothes Installing energy efficient bulbs, which save more energy and are longer lasting as compared to incandescent light

Philosophy of Small Groups Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Philosophy of Small Groups - Research Paper Example Wilson (2003) states that the importance attached to small face to face groups within the congregation is what allows many church members to personalize their contribution.1 The small group is the starting relational unit which is beyond family where ministry to one another starts, it is the arena of primary care. A small group is a highly effective means of individuals entering the spiritual growth process. It is made up of 5-10 members who get together weekly with the specific purpose of growing personally and spiritually. It entails open mindedness and encourages honesty in all aspects. Thus, the primary way to be connected in churches is through the small groups. The fruit of entering the spiritual growth process is one of the greatest things that people may have anticipated. According to Djupe (2006), feeling similar to other members in the church small group is positively related to practicing skills, confirming the importance of incorporating a social dimension into theories posting an organizational influence on individual behavior.2 One of the most fundamental steps for a small group ministry is developing a personalized philosophy of the ministry. This mainly entails defining priorities, defending actions and determining the next steps to take for the upward success of the individual’s personal life. The philosophical distinctiveness of churches differ with the churches core values, but all aim at ensuring the goals of the small groups are taken into consideration and that they are effective and beneficial for all the members involved in a particular group. The four-session trial period is one of the philosophies and this mainly entails people having a four meeting trial period in a particular small group. Thus if the small group does not satisfy an individual’s need, then one is likely to seek another group but this involves no hard feelings. Another philosophical detail can emanate where the

Environmental Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Environmental Science - Essay Example The pollution of the environment is caused by residential, commercial, and industrial wastes. These include Carbon dioxide (COÂ ­2)), Carbon monoxide (CO), Nitrogen, and Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s) (ENERGY.GOV, 2014). The release of such compounds into the environment leads to environmental degradation. Therefore, it is prudent for human beings to take necessary steps in preventing any further damage to the environment and mitigate on the damages that have already occurred. This responsibility is a concern of the international community, respective governments, and every individual. The individuals can work hard to care for the environment by participating in environmental conservation measures. It is important for individuals to take care of the environment because it is where they live. Polluted air means that there would be an increase in respiratory diseases. Furthermore, polluted soil, full of chemicals and fertilizers, will result into crops with high levels of toxic su bstances and pollute the water bodies when these fertilizers are washed into streams and rivers. This paper explores three goals and action plans, which an individual can use to become more aware of environmental issues and human impact on the environment. The production of electricity often involves a lot of emission of gasses, which cause considerable damage to the environment. Therefore, an individual should bear this in mind when operating electrical appliances. This can involve a slight change in their habits or using more energy efficient appliances. For example, change of habits include: Using cold water to wash laundry and hanging them out to dry instead of using the dryer. This habit will ensure that when doing laundry, less electric energy is consumed, and the one utilizes the abundant natural energy of the sun to dry the clothes Installing energy efficient bulbs, which save more energy and are longer lasting as compared to incandescent light

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 32

History - Essay Example Yet, new inventions and technological up-gradations are important. Neil Postman has identified a framework that has five factors that he thought is essential for any technological development. The experts feel that the frame work holds good for almost all of the technologies. The five factors are as follows: As the new technology comes in, it has certain advantages and disadvantages associated with it. But those advantages and dis-advantages are never distributed equally among the population and always there are certain gainers and some losers when a new technology is introduced. Western America had been famous for mines. It was in 1848, when James Marshall found gold at a ranch in Northern California. Soon, whole lot of Americans gathered in the region in search of luck through minerals. Some mined for gold while others for silver and other precious minerals. But the technology of mining changed soon. The crude wooden sluices that were used previously were replaced by hydraulic mining that used water jets to break the earth. Such a change impacted greatly over the economy and the society which can be co-related with the Neil Postman’s framework of new technology. As the first principle goes, the new technology called for huge investments and many of the small miners could not bear the cost and they lost the mines to big Western companies. The new technology was advantageous for the big established players and the companies as it called for huge investments. The entrepreneurs who dreamt of making it big through mines were definitely in the disadvantageous positions. The message (third principle) that came with the new technology was that more power was bestowed in the hands of the powerful and the rich with sound infrastructure only could take advantage of it. Though Postman says that the power should not be left to the few, in his fourth principle, most unfortunately same happened. It was only the big companies

Jews Living in America in the 1920s Essay Example for Free

Jews Living in America in the 1920s Essay In the autobiography, â€Å"Out of the Shadow†, author Rose Cohen, a Russian-Jewish immigrant, explains the social and economic conditions during the late 1800s and early 1900s for Jews immigrating into the United States. Cohen explains how many Jews fled Eastern Europe and Russia during this time due to the ruling of the tsar, fear of religious persecution, and economic restrictions. Because these restrictions were becoming the norm for Jewish people in their county, Rose’s father, a tailor, began to embark on a journey to the United States of America, in hopes of beginning a new life for himself and his family. Even though her father is captured at the border of Russia and returned home, he managed to get to America. Once in America, he began work as a tailor, striving to earn enough money to bring his entire family to America. In the next year and a half, Rose’s father is finally able to get Rose and her aunt Masha to America. During the early years of Rose’s life in America, she experiences many obstacles and conditions that were faced by Jews throughout the United States during the late 19th century and early 20th century. During Rose and her Aunt Masha’s arrival at Castle Garden in America, they experienced various social conditions, which were different and new from their old lifestyles in Russia. As Rose’s father began to introduce her to the new American society, she became very upset at that many Jews were becoming Americanized; they were forgetting completely about their Jewish religion and roots. Rose writes, â€Å"The first thing men do in America,† she had said, â€Å"is cut their beards and the first thing the women do is to leave off their wigs† (Cohen 79). She explains that the grooming of Jewish men and women was mandatory, because they had to adapt to the American way. Jews chose to conform in hopes of finding the high-paying jobs and avoiding harsh treatment. In the work force, many Jews were also Americanized through the changing and altering of their Yiddish names. By making their names more â€Å"American,† they were more understandable for American people. When Ruth first got her job, her boss’s wife asked Ruth’s father, â€Å"’Well Mr. , have you given your daughter an American name? †¦ ‘How would you like Ruth for a name? ’ I said I should like to be called Ruth† (Cohen 82). Even though many Jews were adapting to the American ways and becoming â€Å"Americanized†, in many places, Jews were highly discriminated against and treated with great disrespect. Many were physically and verbally abused, making life in America even more stressful for incoming Jews. Rose Cohen experienced this treatment on a daily basis in the lower eastside, â€Å"I had often seen these ‘loafers’, as we called them, attack a Jewish pedlar, dump his push cart of apples into the gutter, fill their pockets and walk away laughing and eating† (Cohen 104). Rose describes the different social conditions that Jews faced when immigrating to America. This maltreatment would forever change the standard of living for not only Jews, but for different immigrants coming to America from all over the world. Jews had no choice but to join the workforce, and many of them faced long work hours, low wages, and poor working conditions. Alike Rose’s father, many Russian-Jews began to embark on migrations to America in hopes of bringing their families to the land of the free. Many immigrants had to sacrifice certain needs in order to save money to send over to their family in Russia for steam liner tickets, agent fees, and other necessities needed for a safe travel to America. In her conversation with the presser of a garment shop, Rose reveals that many of the Russian-Jews who had escaped were trying even harder to get their families over to America quickly. â€Å"He said he had escaped from the Russian army a year before and that his wife and two year old little girl were still in Russia. He was trying to save and send for them† (Cohen 120). Although many Jewish people were very hardworking, there was still no job security. Jews like Rose Cohen were jumping from job to job, not knowing what the next day had in store for them. Many Jews stayed without jobs for some months at a time. Cohen recalls, â€Å"I stood a while, then I walked away from the shop, ‘Where next’, I wondered† (Cohen 132). When Jews were able to secure jobs, they faced problems such as twelve-hour workdays. This meant that their lives consisted of nothing but work, eat, and sleep, which was repeated all seven days of the week. The days were long and the working conditions were harsh. Often, Jews had to attend work deathly ill or unable to physically function. Cohen recalls when she first arrived how much her father had to work and how he was hardly ever home, working to establish himself and his family in America. â€Å"When he went away in the morning it was still dark, and when he came home at night the lights in the halls were out† (Cohen, Pg. 74). By telling her story, Rose reveals the different economic obstacles Jews faced in the work force in America. By analyzing Rose Cohen’s autobiography, â€Å"Out of the Shadow†, it uncovers the various social and economical hardships that Russian-Jews faced living in America. Even though adapting to a new life in America came with many obstacles for Jews, Rose’s story shows that many of them made it through their hardships and ultimately overcame their adversities. Rose Cohen’s autobiography serves as a great resource as to what Jewish life was in everyday America during the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. Works Cited.

Short Story The Moon Wolf English Literature Essay

Short Story The Moon Wolf English Literature Essay The moon was rising slowly tipping its rays across the surface of the land. The white thread like runnels spun silver cords blanketing the fields. Unusual for this time of year a chilly wind had begun to blow across from the marshlands. It wafted up from the deep, ebbing pits wallowing with the scents of seaweed, fish and the pungent stench of tepid water. This aint right John thought to himself as he stood silent sentry to his familys farm. He was alone. Not another human soul lived on Drumna hill, just John and his dad and his brother both of whom had gone to the village. His mother had passed away when John was twelve. Even to this day he could still remember it. The moon had been full that night too. The wind had been strangely chilly and the world had been eerily quiet, on that night almost eight years ago. He had woken up, unusual for him since he was such a sound sleeper, he had woken up with an uneasy feeling in his heart. It had been pounding, each pulse resounding, ricocheting against the inner chambers of his heart. He had been thirsty, parched in fact like he hadnt drunk in days, even though he had followed his routine exactly. He had washed up straight after dinner, he had kissed his parents goodnight, and his brother had ruffled his hair in the fond way only Declan could. Then he had sat beside his bed and said his nightly prayers. His father had brought his glass of water, and he half emptied it before he climbed into bed. Goodnight John his dad had said. Then for no reason at all he had woken up. He sat up in bed, blinking away his sleep in the darkness. He stretched out his hand to feel his bed cloths, the rough and comforting familiarities, he gently pushed them aside. Shivering he extracted himself from bed. Why did he suddenly feel so cold, had it not been the middle of spring just this morning? It is a wonder he had thought, how the dark transforms the world. All around him his old bedroom looked like a strangers cavern. The deep grained wood that formed the walls looked like tiny dry streams forming map-like patterns on his walls. He ran his hand along them, feeling his way to the door. Suddenly he had stopped he remembered why he had woken up. He had heard the singular call of a wolf. His blood had run cold in his body and had already drained from his face. He was being watched. With a sudden surge of energy he turned around. No one was there. He pivoted on the spot checking every crevice of his room with frantic eyes. The fear welling up in him lent him the feral instincts of an animal. Suddenly the swirling darkness parted and he could make out each shape clear and minute. Something in him lead him to the window. He did not know what but some how he had an inexplicable urge to look outside. He cautiously stepped closer to the curtains, gently parting the only shroud hiding him from that which lay outside. For a moment there was nothing, just the fields stretching to the edges of the wood. The forest acted like a natural fence, separating the world of man from the world of beasts. Then, it caught his eyes. Standing at the very border directly across from his window, was the wolf. The majestic creature stood half in shadow half bathing in the moonlight. The snowy light bounced of his coat, gleaming, like the very light radiated from him. All around it the world looked like it was bathed in snow, snow in the spring. Despite this the one thing that fixated Johns attention were the wolfs eyes. Those eyes burned and flickered like flames in a face as pure as snow. They were not bestial, on the contrary they were solemn, with the far away gaze of a philosopher lining the deep embers. But now, now they gazed into Johns eyes. There was no doubt about it. The wolf was there only to tell John something.

Risk Taking Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In our lives, it is important to exercise self-command. However, we should not be so concerned with the future that we stifle the present. The question becomes what balance should we strike between self-command and risks? What kinds of risks are acceptable or unacceptable? In this essay, we will use two examples of risks to show the distinction between the two and arrive at a conclusion as to the balance one should have between risk and self command. The first example we will use is of a person who spends his life savings on a lottery ticket and does not win the lottery. The second is of a person who spends his life savings on a hunch regarding a cure for AIDS, a hunch that is false. Before we make this distinction, however, it is necessary to define the terms acceptable and unacceptable risks. Acceptable and Unacceptable Risks   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are several ways in which one could define which risks are acceptable. One could say, for example, that the only acceptable risk is one for which the odds of success are greater than the odds of failure. Another definition of acceptable risk might be a risk that does not harm one's future. We might also say that the only acceptable risk is one where the aggregate happiness is increased, thus increasing the moral good of the risk, an idea which is based on John Stuart Mill's Utilitarianism. Finally, we might define a morally good ris... Risk Taking Essay -- essays research papers   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In our lives, it is important to exercise self-command. However, we should not be so concerned with the future that we stifle the present. The question becomes what balance should we strike between self-command and risks? What kinds of risks are acceptable or unacceptable? In this essay, we will use two examples of risks to show the distinction between the two and arrive at a conclusion as to the balance one should have between risk and self command. The first example we will use is of a person who spends his life savings on a lottery ticket and does not win the lottery. The second is of a person who spends his life savings on a hunch regarding a cure for AIDS, a hunch that is false. Before we make this distinction, however, it is necessary to define the terms acceptable and unacceptable risks. Acceptable and Unacceptable Risks   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are several ways in which one could define which risks are acceptable. One could say, for example, that the only acceptable risk is one for which the odds of success are greater than the odds of failure. Another definition of acceptable risk might be a risk that does not harm one's future. We might also say that the only acceptable risk is one where the aggregate happiness is increased, thus increasing the moral good of the risk, an idea which is based on John Stuart Mill's Utilitarianism. Finally, we might define a morally good ris...

Puritan Society Essay -- Religion

The modern use of the word puritan is commonly used to describe someone who may have hard line views on sex, discredits recreational activities, and continually tries to impose their beliefs on others they come into contact with. However the term "Puritan" in the sense of this was not coined until the 1560s, when it appeared as a term of abuse for those who found the Elizabethan Religious Settlement of inadequate (Henretta pg 98). Puritanism has had a historical importance over time and most general views must understand the way it changed character and emphasis almost decade by decade. Moreover the seventeenth-century Puritans contributed to our country's sense of mission, its work ethic, and its moral sensibility. Today, eight million Americans can trace their ancestry to the fifteen to twenty thousand Puritans who migrated to New England (Mintz, S. 2007). This is a significant slice of today’s population, so as you can already see these people had a huge impact on the Unite d States. There is more to the Puritans than just migrating and to better understand Puritanism one needs to learn about their history and where they came from. The designation "Puritan" is at many times not used correctly; in the past this word was used to characterize the Protestant group as extremists similar to the Cathari of France, which can also be traced back to 1564. In actuality Puritans were a grouping of English Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries and were founded by some Marian exiles from shortly after the accession of Elizabeth I of England in 1559, as an activist movement within the Church of England. They were blocked from changing the system from within, but their views were taken by the emigration of congregations to the Netherlands... ...c reason. Puritans also believed heavily in education as we do today, not just as a way to better ourselves, but to better society as a whole. Works Cited Armstrong, Nancy, and Leonard Tennenhouse. The Imaginary Puritan: Literature, Intellectual Labor, and the Origins of Personal Life. Berkeley: U of California Press, 1992. Henretta, James A. and David Brody. America: A Concise History, Volume I: To 1877. 4th ed., Boston: Bedford/ St. Martin’s, 2010. Mintz, S. (2007). Digital History. Retrieved April 20, 2011 from http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu Susan Hardman Moore (1992). Review of Charles Lloyd Cohen 'God's Caress. The psychology of Puritan religious experience' The Journal of Ecclesiastical History, 43, pp 515-515

Consumer Psychology

PART B DEFINITION Consumer psychology is a specialty area that studies how our thoughts, beliefs, feelings and perceptions influence how people buy and relate to goods and services. One formal definition of the field describes it as â€Å"the study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society. STAGES IN CONSUMER DECISION MAKING PROCESS CONSUMER INDIVIDUAL FACTORSConsumer individual factor is divided by five. Age, occupation, economic situation, lifestyle and personality. This five factors is affected to consumer behavior to buy same product or services. †¢Age Age and life-cycle have potential impact on the consumer buying behavior. It is obvious that the consumers change the purchase of goods and services with the passage of time. Family life-cycle consists of different stages such young si ngles, married couples, unmarried couples etc which help marketers to develop appropriate products for each stage. 00PLUS product affects to this categories because when adult, people are active doing some sport and they need 1ooPLUS because 1 0 0 P L U S ’scientifically-testedi sotonic formulation of carbohydrates, electrolytes and water enables faster and more effective hydration, thus enhancing a person’s capability to perform at his or her peak. In fact, in a recent study, 100PLUS was clinically proven to rehydrate and re-energise faster, and provides 43% more endurance, than water alone. Read also Memory – ForgettingThe advertising also can attract consumer to buy this product because they use number 1 badminton player Dato Lee Chong Wei in the advertisement. This can attract people because many people use Dato Lee Chong Wei as their idol. †¢Occupation The occupation of a person has significant impact on his buying behavior. For example a manger in sport center selling 100PLUS product in the business to make more profit. This is because they know that when people sports, they need to cover back their energy and 100PLUS product is suitable in this situation. Economic Situation Consumer economic situation has great influence on his buying behavior. If the income and savings of a customer is high then he will purchase more expensive products. On the other hand, a person with low income and savings will purchase inexpensive products. However, 100PLUS product is suitable to all economic situation status because the price is not expensive. Beside that, they use Dato Lee Chong Wei in advertising make this product is more popular that the other product. †¢LifestyleLifestyle of customers is another import factor affecting the consumer buying behavior. Lifestyle refers to the way a person lives in a society and is expressed by the things in his/her surroundings. It is determined by customer interests, opinions, activities etc and shapes his whole pattern of acting and interacting in the world. When people active in sporting, they need a carbohydrate water to make they still have energy to continue sports. People hwo active in played badminton also attractive to the advertisement because they want to became like Dato Lee Chong Wei. Personality Personality changes from person to person, time to time and place to place. Therefore it can greatly influence the buying behavior of customers. Actually, Personality is not what one wears; rather it is the totality of behavior of a man in different circumstances. It has different characteristics su ch as: dominance, aggressiveness, self-confidence etc which can be useful to determine the consumer behavior for particular product or service. This also can attract people who like to do something challenging because they need energy to become vigorous.MOTIVATION AND GOAL People who drink 100Plus will motivate they self because it will bring back they energy to achieve they goal. BRAND PERSONALITY Brand personality is the way a brand speaks and behaves. It means assigning human personality traits/characteristics to a brand so as to achieve differentiation. These characteristics signify brand behaviour through both individuals representing the brand as well as through advertising, packaging, etc. When brand image or brand identity is expressed in terms of human traits, it is called brand personality.Advantage-already popular in Malaysia, has many flavor, restore energy quickly easily to find. Disadvantage-100plus is only isotonic water. CONSUMER IMAGERY Consumers have a number of en during perceptions, or images, which are particulari relavant to the study of consumer behavior. These include the image they hold of themselves, and their perceived images of products and product categories, of retail stores, and of producers. People will find 100Plus because they know that 100Plus is a isotonic drink and its to restore energy. 100Plus also more cheaper then another isotonic drink.MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS THEORY 100 PLUS 100 PLUS Abraham Maslow is well renowned for proposing the Hierarchy of Needs Theory in 1943. This theory is a classical depiction of human motivation. This theory is based on the assumption that there is a hierarchy of five needs within each individual. The urgency of these needs varies. These five needs are as follows- Physiological needs- These are the basic needs of air, water, food, clothing and shelter. In other words, physiological needs are the needs for basic amenities of life.Safety needs- Safety needs include physical, environm ental and emotional safety and protection. For instance- Job security, financial security, protection from animals, family security, health security, etc. Social needs- Social needs include the need for love, affection, care, belongingness, and friendship. Esteem needs- Esteem needs are of two types: internal esteem needs (self- respect, confidence, competence, achievement and freedom) and external esteem needs (recognition, power, status, attention and admiration).Self-actualization need- This include the urge to become what you are capable of becoming / what you have the potential to become. It includes the need for growth and self-contentment. It also includes desire for gaining more knowledge, social- service, creativity and being aesthetic. The self- actualization needs are never fully satiable. As an individual grows psychologically, opportunities keep cropping up to continue growing. From this theory that 100plus at the esteem needs level because people need it to restore ene rgy to make they achieve what they target and make people proud to them.

Famous Botanist Francisco Hernandez Essay

During the time of 1700 hundreds many artist made their way to spain to seek out what they believed to be an art form but done in garden designs. So many people thought that this was a great cause and belived that this was they were meant to do for life. Francisco like other believed that this was the way to go so he to set to become a famous garden designer and soon he got his wish and was sent for by the duke of Earl. It took many years to establish a good working condition with his boss so he just continued to give his best at what he did which was deisgn the most beautiful garden that you would have ever seen. For many years it wqould be difficult for him to do anything else vbut design because that is all he thought about all day. In the winter it wouod prove to be cruel to him but he weathered the storm and kept right ahead with what he was doing and that was to creat the perfect garden fro duke. Many times the duke became frustrated with his work that he should have never sent for and this made Frncisco so very unhappy to where he put his all into what he was doing even more so but this was not enough until one day he finally decided to tell his boss that he was to ask him to send him back home.

Evaluation on buying organic food Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Evaluation on buying organic food - Essay Example Psychosomatic study has shaped a large number of theories associated with the difficulties encountered in organic food purchase decision making process. These studies have revealed that consumers’ purchase decisions in a definite environment and at a specified time are determined by a combination of mental and relative factors as well as their connections (Klockner 40-56).Moreover, the following phases will be conferred: In what way do ethics, principles, attitudes and fears for both the health and environment influences the consumption of organic food, does availability, visibility, and prices awareness contribute, the role played by trust, environmental and health psychological simulations contribution towards organic food purchase and lastly, the impact of labels on organic food on decision making influence Consumers are always placed at the bottom of production chain. However, they play a chief role in in the establishment and development of the organic food market. In ess ence, the ultimate purchase in a supply chain, health food entity or on a grocery market by a consumer creates the demand that eventually sustains organic production sector. In addition, the act of purchasing food is not as easy as it seems since it requires keen attention by the consumer for the ingredients among other nutrients details. Further, the purchasing process can be split into a sequence of linked decisions by the consumer. For instance the consumer will start with allocating time for his/her shopping, then they will choose the place where they will go for their shopping for example, a local supermarket, hypermarket, grocery shop, etc. Accordingly, the consumer will make his/her budget, and the category of products they would like to purchase. This is the most important stage that a consumer of organic food faces. Further, this stage is consequential because within each food classification the consumer must have a specific product they are willing to purchase. The importa nce of the mentioned stages affects the end product of purchase. For instance, when a decision to shop in a supermarket instead of a grocery store is made, both places will have different varieties of produces. Consequently, the different variety impacts the foodstuffs that are taken into thought. In addition, when the food shopping is done under time constraints, it will clearly have an effect on the purchase choice because the time invested to make decisions is dramatically reduced ( Reed 87-100). It is important to evaluate the explanation of motive in influencing the purchase of organic food. Generally, there must be a motivation that triggers individuals to prefer organic food over conventional food when making a decision. Consequently, there are three main motives to buying organic food namely; Values, Attitudes, and Concerns. These three motives are psychological and the purchaser keenly regards them. The consumer will be purchasing organic food with a motive of enriching the ir health and on the other hand protect the environment and the animal welfare which is a value that most organic food consumers hold. Consequently as has been mentioned earlier, health concerns are a chief influence to the purchase of  organic food.  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Apply structural andinstitutional explanationsof the behaviorof Essay

Apply structural andinstitutional explanationsof the behaviorof AustriaHungary until 1914 - Essay Example Austria was a quasi-independent state in the Middle Ages within the Holy Roman Empire. The Habsburgs inherited the crown of Hungary with part of the Kingdom preserved from the Ottomans. The Ottomans were driven out of Hungary in 1669. Austria and Hungary were a personal union from1526 to 1848 under the Habsburgs (Fromkin, pp.11-16). Taking into consideration the status of the Hungarian Kingdom before the revolution, it can be seen that the kingdom was formally part of the Empire of Austria. Based on the Article of the year nineteen seventy, it was stipulated that the regnum independence with a separate Monarchy. The Empire of Austria had never lawfully included the Kingdom of Hungary. The policy was consistent with both public and constitutional law as discussed. The government of the Hungary Kingdom could be in a position of preserving a separate and independent budget since the begging of the personal union from 1527.The Hungarian budget was after the revolution of 1848 to 1849. The budget was independent too. Despite all these, the Kingdom of Hungary maintained its customs borders. The borders separated the Hungarian Kingdom from the other parts of the Habsburg ruled territories. The union had made a consent/agreement customs union between the Austrian and Hungarian where they were to negotiate in every ten years. The contracts were also renewed and signed by Budapest and Vienna at the end of every ten years since both countries hoped to get mutual economic benefit from their relationship (Fromkin, pp.11-16). Austria-Hungary also declared war on Serbia on July twenty-eight in the year 1914. Austria-Hungary made a step further to mobilize for plan B against Belgrade. There was the need for the warring governments to defend and explain their decision, with the Germans publishing a first set of diplomatic papers in early August. The propaganda machinery of the government supported the decisions that

Gordons Health Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Gordons Health Assessment - Essay Example These functions relate to one another and can be used as evidence in making decisions on the outcomes of patient care. There are other factors that will affect the reliability of data that can be gathered in making health assessments that will be presented during the interview and physical assessment of the patient. Other factors such as physiological, psychological and even cultural factors can influence on how much or how little of the data can be gathered from the patient (Functional Health patterns, n.d.). Every patient will have different reactions when being interviewed about their health. Some patients may exhibit feelings of anger towards their health care provider stemming from previous encounters with other health care practitioners that left them with a bad impression. There is also the cultural aspect of the patient where they may find certain questions and medical practices opposed to their culture, tradition and beliefs. Others would be depressed about being or felling ill and refuse to cooperate. There is also the physical condition of illnesses where patients may be in too much pain or cannot give coherent answers because of adverse reactions to medication. The everyday stresses in the workplace can also affect the nurse that will be making the assessment. Personal conflicts and beliefs on culture and ethnicities can influence the way the assessment is being handled (Morrison & Ashley-Coe, 2001). Preparing for the interview is also a key element in making health assessments. Patient interviews need to be carefully planned. Interviewers need to get their patients' trust so that they can gather information as accurately as they can. As with any interview, it is important to maintain eye contact and avoid possible distractions. Learning from the patients' charts can give interviewers ideas on how to formulate questions for the assessment (Jarvis, 2004). It is the understanding of all these factors that can make a good health assessment, coupled with the theory of functional health patterns by Gordon. These functional health patterns divided into eleven subcategories can help in the evaluation of a patient's physical, emotional and psychological health. Case Study Maria is a female patient aged 60 years old with a history of diabetes and hypertension. For the past few months, the patient complained of having stomach cramps or indigestion and difficulty in sleeping. She also reported self medicating these cramps with over the counter medication but the symptoms was never alleviated. But she was not cooperative enough to submit herself to other lab testing in order to find out the cause of her stomach discomfort. She has been very diligent in taking her diabetic and hypertensive medication, but her blood sugar and blood pressure has been erratic. She attributes this to the discomfort that she has been feeling recently. The patient also reported having difficulty with her bowel movement where there were days where she could not void, the longest period being five days. There were two areas that had an impact on the patients' functional health or ability. These were Elimination and Sleep-rest. These two factors caused considerable discomfort to the patient and may be symptoms of underlying illnesses. For this, a comprehensive geriatric health assessment can be used in order to find